Underground electricity transmission

Underground electricity transmission provides significant opportunities for addressing climate change by improving the efficiency, reliability, and safety of electricity distribution. Compared to traditional overhead transmission lines, underground transmission is less susceptible to weather-related disruptions and can reduce the visual and environmental impact of transmission infrastructure. Furthermore, underground transmission can help reduce transmission losses, thereby increasing the overall efficiency of the electricity system [1].

One of the innovations being developed in underground electricity transmission is the use of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission technology. HVDC technology allows for the efficient transmission of electricity over long distances and has the potential to reduce transmission losses by up to 30% compared to traditional alternating current (AC) transmission [2]. This technology is especially useful for transmitting renewable energy generated in remote areas to population centers, where electricity demand is highest.

Another innovation in underground electricity transmission is the use of superconducting cables. Superconducting cables are able to transmit electricity with minimal resistance, thereby reducing transmission losses and increasing overall efficiency. In addition, superconducting cables have a smaller footprint than traditional cables and are more resistant to environmental factors such as heat and moisture [3].

Despite its potential benefits, there are also some challenges and limitations to the use of underground electricity transmission. One of the main challenges is the high cost of installation and maintenance, which can be significantly higher than overhead transmission lines. In addition, underground transmission can be more difficult to repair in the event of a fault or failure, as access to the cables is more limited than with overhead lines [4].

Overall, underground electricity transmission provides significant opportunities for improving the efficiency, reliability, and safety of electricity distribution. Continued innovation and investment in technology will be necessary to fully realize its potential and overcome the challenges and limitations that exist.

Sources:

[1] National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (2016). Underground Transmission Lines.

[2] U.S. Department of Energy. (2021). High-Voltage Direct Current Transmission.

[3] National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (2016). Superconducting Power Cables.

[4] U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2021). Electricity Transmission and Distribution Infrastructure.